Galeazzi Fracture

A Galeazzi fracture is fracture of the distal third of the radius with associated dislocation or subluxation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) caused by an axial load on a pronated forearm.

Causes

This fracture occurs as a result of a fall onto the outstretched hand, with a superimposed rotational force.

Pathophysiology: The deforming forces include those of the brachioradialis, pronator quadriceps, thumb extensors, and the weight of the hand. The deforming muscular and soft-tissue injuries cannot be controlled with plaster immobilization for this fracture.

Signs

• Tenderness at DRUJ in addition to fracture site

Treatment

Treatment of a Galeazzi fracture is with surgery to repair the radius fracture. Treatment of this injury in a cast, even if the bones are brought back into position, will usually result in redisplacement of the fracture. So, this is a known as fracture of necessity meaning it is necessary to surgically repair the radius.

Once the radius is surgically repaired and held in the proper position, distal radio-ulnar joint will be inspected to determine if it also needs surgical attention.